![]() The solutions to this calculation is plotted vs. ![]() Note: Perfectly smooth pipes will have a roughness of zero.ĭetermine Pipe friction coefficient at turbulent flow (in the most cases) Colbrook Equation: The friction factor for laminar flow condition is a function of Reynolds number only, for turbulent flow it is also a function of the characteristics of the pipe wall.ĭetermine Pipe friction coefficient at laminar flow: The pipe friction coefficient is a dimensionless number. The pressure drop caused by friction of turbulent flow depends on the roughness of pipe. The velocity distribution of turbulent flow is more uniform across the pipe diameter than in laminar flow. There is an irregular motion of fluid particles in directions transverse to the direction of the main flow. If the Reynolds number 2320, you have turbulent flow. Soc.Kinematic Viscosity Table Chart of Liquids Ionescu, C.M., Birs, I.R., Copot, D., Muresan, C.I., Caponetto, R.: Mathematical modelling with experimental validation of viscoelastic properties in non-Newtonian fluids. Ramezanizadeh, M., Ahmadi, M.H., Nazari, M.A., Sadeghzadeh, M., Chen, L.: A review on the utilized machine learning approaches for modeling the dynamic viscosity of nanofluids. In: IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. Soon, C.F., Yin, Y.H., Tee, K.S., Ahmad, M.K., Sahdan, M.Z., Nayan, N.: Influence of outlet channel width to the flow velocity and pressure of a flow focusing microfluidic device. Watanabe, E., Yamagata, Y., Kogirima, M., Miyamoto, K.I., Kayashita, J.: Development of a simple and objective evaluation method for thickened liquids using funnels. 40, 71–74 (2014)īowers, J., et al.: Flow and heat transfer behaviour of nanofluids in microchannels. 72, 13–39 (2016)ĭickinson, E.J., Ekström, H., Fontes, E.: COMSOL Multiphysics®: finite element software for electrochemical analysis. IEEE (2016)Īlauzet, F., Loseille, A.: A decade of progress on anisotropic mesh adaptation for computational fluid dynamics. In: 2016 IEEE EMBS Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Sciences (IECBES), pp. Sundra, S., Soon, C.F., Zainal, N., Tee, K.S., Gan, S.H.: The effects of flow rates to the concentration gradients in a passive micromixer low flow rate provides linear dilution of fluids. Heat Fluid Flow 80, 108500 (2019)Ĭamargo, A.P.D., et al.: Applications of computational fluid dynamics in irrigation engineering. 738, 139778 (2020)Īl-Muhammad, J., Tomas, S., Ait-Mouheb, N., Amielh, M., Anselmet, F.: Experimental and numerical characterization of the vortex zones along a labyrinth milli-channel used in drip irrigation. Lequette, K., Ait-Mouheb, N., Wéry, N.: Hydrodynamic effect on biofouling of milli-labyrinth channel and bacterial communities in drip irrigation systems fed with reclaimed wastewater. Wang, X., Liu, Z., Pang, Y.: Concentration gradient generation methods based on microfluidic systems. Mashaei, P.R., Asiaei, S., Hosseinalipour, S.M.: Mixing efficiency enhancement by a modified curved micromixer: a numerical study. Ulkir, O., Girit, O., Ertugrul, I.: Design and analysis of a laminar diffusion-based micromixer with microfluidic chip. The outcome of the volume fraction simulation suggested that the tri-axial millifluidics can be applied as an extruder for spherical droplets when the interfacial tension of the fluid from inlet 1 is higher than the fluid from inlet 2, and the dynamic viscosity of fluid 1 is more than 2 mPa The velocity remained constant eventhough the dynamic velocity of the fluid at inlet 1 increased. For the tri-axial millifluidics, the build-up pressure was found decreasing when the stream from the three inlets exiting the single outlet channel. ![]() In the co-axial millifluidic, fluids with different dynamic viscosity and water could not mix well but were separated into two streams. The simulation showed that the fluid velocity was inversely proportional to the dynamic viscosity for co-axial millifluidics, but the pressure of the channel was stable when the dynamic viscosity exceeded 5 mPa The tri-axial millifluidics has a length and channel width of 50 mm and 8 mm, respectively. The co-axial millifluidic has a length and channel width of 40 mm and 10 mm, respectively. The two-dimensional geometry of the co-axial and tri-axial millifluidics comprise of two inlets and three inlets, respectively, and both devices with one outlet. ![]() Hence, this study presents the effects of fluid viscosity to the fluid dynamics in the co-axial and tri-axial millifluidics using COMSOL Multiphysics. The current research lack of study on the relationship of the fluid viscosity to the velocity and pressure in the millifluidics. A millifluidic device enables precise control of a tiny amount of fluids in several milliliters for manipulation.
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